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[ajdelange]

You're embarrassed? My grandfather's name is Andrea. Gives us goombahs a bad name.

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[JBee]

If you like physics, Veritasium did a great break down of it on his YouTube channel. If fact, he's the one that won $10k bet that's it actually works. Pretty interesting, but I was being facetious when I said it would solve all our car problems haha. Despite how it appears, it isn't a perpetual energy vehicle.

It was good, even though very late to the party discussing it. This is way old stuff we discussed ages ago when it first popped up on youtube years ago. It also wasn't as well explained like he normally does it.

Simply, the energy potential is between the air speed relative to the ground. So essentially, the easiest way to understand the energy balance side is that if the vehicle uses less energy to travel than it can harvest energy from the wind it will accelerate. The opposite is also true. It also goes faster into the wind than the wind that way.

As always, a lever on an appropriate fulcrum can be used to create a force. Its just harder to see what parts are what on that contraption, because they are in motion, plus it actually changes as speed increases. It is critical to balance the lever length (gearing) and convert the available force sources into acceleration throughout the full range vehicle velocities.

The trickier question is if another FTTWWTW in front of it goes faster or slower... you know seeing that the wheels drive the blades at higher speeds, and wind is blowing from behind. ?

--

But this device doesn't detract from "perpetual motion" or the first law in that our limited perspective does not sufficiently identify reality in all its constituents. The law is actually limited to an "isolated system" which is a purely hypothetical model that physically does not exist. (Unless someone has figured out anti gravity)

The problem lies mainly with our definition of time, and with perpetual which has none. For all of this, frame of reference is key. For us as observers the sun is perpetual, and our observations are at best approximations, for anything beyond our scope.

 

[jhogan2424]

The Ecat will be presented on 25 Nov.

This is ridiculous. The OP claims to be in United States but I have my doubts due to the way he expresses a date. Not all, but most people in the US would express that date as “Nov 25” or maybe “Nov 25th” when the OP uses “25 Nov.” Not concrete proof but enough to make me doubt. Anyway, If someone would fib about their location they probably fib about other things like Ecats.

 

[John K]

Speaking of ships, it reminds me of this puzzle question I heard a long time ago. Looking at the 2 ships (go with me on this, my drawing is not much different than a kindergartener) below, which direction does the flag on the front wave? (See the little pirate flag at the front?)

I've been very surprised at some people's insistence that their answer is the absolute correct one.

Trick question, the flag flies on top of the mast.

 

[John K]

Time crystals invading my newsfeed. Cannot find story outside of applefeed without requiring an account.

https://apple.news/A-mQBjX6zQaui3nw1K484nQ

those who do not have access to the feed, copy paste is the best I can do

What the heck is a time crystal, and why are physicists obsessed with them?


You’re probably quite familiar with the basic states of matter—solid, liquid, gas—that fill everyday life on Earth.


But those three different sorts of matter that each look and act differently aren’t the whole of the universe—far from it. Scientists have discovered (or created) dozens of more exotic states of matter, often bearing mystical and fanciful names: superfluids, Bose-Einstein condensates, and neutron-degenerate matter, to name a few.


In the last few years, physicists around the world have been constructing another state of matter: a “time crystal.” If that seems like B-movie technobabble, it’s technobabble no longer. Using a quantum computer, a few researchers have created a time crystal that, they think, firmly establishes time crystals in the world of physics.


The researchers haven’t yet formally published their research, but last month, they posted a preprint (a scientific paper that has yet-to-be peer-edited) on the website ArXiV.


So what exactly is a time crystal? It might sound like the critical component that makes a time machine tick, some sort of futuristic power source, or perhaps an artifact of a lost alien civilization. But, to scientists, a time crystal is actually something more subtle: a curiosity of the laws of physics.


What defines any bog-standard crystal—such as a diamond, an emerald, or even an ice cube—is that the crystal’s atoms are somehow arranged in repeating patterns in space. There’s three dimensions of space—and a fourth dimension, time. So physicists wondered if a crystal’s atoms could be arranged in repeating patterns in time.


In practice, that works something like this. You create a crystal whose atoms start in one state. If you blast that crystal with a finely tuned laser, those atoms might flip into another state—and then flip back—and then flip again—and so forth, all without actually absorbing any energy from the laser.


If you step back, what you’ve just created is a state of matter that’s perpetually in motion, indefinitely, without taking in any energy.


That’s no small feat. It beats against one of classical physics’ most sacred tenets: the second law of thermodynamics. That law states that the amount of entropy, or disorder, always tends to increase. Think of it like a vase, teetering at the edge of a table. The universe wants to push that vase over and make it shatter across the floor. To piece it back together, you have to put in the energy.


Time crystals are actually a rather new idea, having first been theorized by Nobel-winning physicist Franck Wilczek in 2012. Not all physicists accepted that theory at the time, with some claiming that the second law of thermodynamics would rear its legalistic head.


Naturally, determined researchers found loopholes. In 2016, physicists at the University of Maryland managed to bodge together a crude time crystal from a collection of ytterbium atoms. Other groups have created time crystals inside diamonds.


[Related: In photos: a rare glimpse inside the heart of a quantum computer]


But these latest time-crystal-tinkerers did something different. They turned to Google and used a quantum computer: a device that takes advantage of the quirks of quantum mechanics, the seemingly mystical sort of physics that guides the universe at the tiniest scales. Instead of using bits of silicon like everyday, “classical” computers, quantum computers operate directly with atoms or particles. That allows physicists to do experiments which can be agonizingly difficult with traditional computers, since quantum physics—which allows particles to be multiple things at one and for particles to interact at seemingly impossible distances—gets quite esoteric.


“The ability to simulate the rules…becomes so much harder” with traditional computers, says Gabriel Perdue, a quantum computer researcher at Fermilab, a national lab in suburban Chicago that focuses on high-end particle physics.


But, by arranging particles in a quantum computer’s processor, it’s possible to literally study systems of tiny particles as if they are building blocks. That’s a powerful ability, and it’s not something you’ll see much in the non-quantum world.


“We don’t compute, you know, how far a baseball goes…by building miniature baseball players and doing simulations,” says Perdue. But doing something quite similar on a very small scale, he says, is what the researchers used Google’s quantum computer to do to make their time crystal.


In this case, physicists could take atoms, rearrange them, then pulse them with a laser to drive a time crystal. That setup has allowed researchers to create a time crystal that’s bigger than any time crystal before it. While many previous time crystals were short-lasting and unravelled within a few back-and-forth flip cycles, the scientists behind this latest time crystal effort are marvelling at the stability of what they’ve created.


“The thing that is most exciting here, for me,” says Perdue, “it’s a demonstration of using a quantum computer to really simulate a quantum physics system and study it in a way that is really novel and exciting.”



So, could these time crystals indeed lead to a new wave of nascent time machines?



Probably not. But they might help make quantum computers become more robust. Engineers have struggled for years to create something that could serve as memory in quantum computers; some equivalent to the silicon that underpins traditional computers. Time crystals, physicists think, could serve that purpose.



And this experiment, Perdue says, is also a demonstration of the power of quantum computers to do science. “The same platform that makes it easy for you to simulate some cool algorithm,” he says, “works just as well, and I would argue even better, for simulating these kinds of systems.”

 

[Ogre]

Trick question, the flag flies on top of the mast.

I'm still trying to figure out what kind of sailing ship has sails like that. Is this a viking longboat? Where are the oars?

With a proper sailing ship, the answer is obvious because the boat will be going faster than the wind (and likely not directly downwind). With whatever kind of boat that is? I have no idea.

 

[John K]

I just placed an order for time crystals with a guarantee they are not quartz crystals. I can trust the seller

 

[Ogre]

Cannot find story outside of applefeed without requiring an account.

There are parts of Apple News which are mirrors of public web pages, and parts which require a subscription. Popular Science requires a subscription. The ones which mirror public web pages you can usually chase down a link or just do a web search for the title.

 

[John K]

I'm still trying to figure out what kind of sailing ship has sails like that. Is this a viking longboat? Where are the oars?

With a proper sailing ship, the answer is obvious because the boat will be going faster than the wind (and likely not directly downwind). With whatever kind of boat that is? I have no idea.

inverted CT making its way back to shore to be righted. Some of you rock climbers are a bit aggressive next to rivers.

 

[Ogre]

inverted CT making its way back to shore to be righted. Some of you rock climbers are a bit aggressive next to rivers.

I get it... so the flag direction depends on which way the wheels are spinning.

 

[John K]

There are parts of Apple News which are mirrors of public web pages, and parts which require a subscription. Popular Science requires a subscription. The ones which mirror public web pages you can usually chase down a link or just do a web search for the title.

I looked for a mirror, albeit briefly since I am losing intelligence reading these articles. Quantum physics is fascinating, let’s not jumped to magical conclusions.

 

[Crissa]

I have never heard of them called 'time crystals' before, but we've known about the folding phenomenon of crystals for awhile.

Basically, they're like those origami toys that flip betwen a flower and a cube; or those magnet ball fidget toys - without changing their chemical bonds, they flip one way and another.

Now making these shapes is another thing entirely!

But this sort of 'shifting in time' (tho a different mechanism) is what quartz crystals do and why they're used as timers in electronics.

-Crissa

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