Tesla gets closer to volume battery cell production with 5-year lithium supply deal

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Australian mining firm Piedmont Lithium announced on Monday that it has signed a five-year supply deal with Tesla. Under the terms of the two companies’ agreement, Piedmont would be supplying about a third of its planned 160,000-tonnes-per-year spodumene concentrate produce from its North Carolina mines to the American electric car maker.

In a press release, Piedmont noted that while its initial agreement with Tesla is set for five years, both companies have an option to extend the contract for another five years. The Australian mining firm added that while its initial agreement with Tesla represents about one-third of its North Carolina mine’s expected 160,000 tonnes per annum production, more lithium could be delivered to Tesla if needed.

Deliveries for Tesla’s lithium could begin between July 2022 and July 2023 based on the developmental schedules of Tesla and Piedmont. In a statement, Keith Phillips, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Piedmont Lithium, expressed his excitement about the Tesla deal. Phillips also noted that Piedmont will be accelerating its mining development in order to support Tesla’s plans.

“We are excited to be working with Tesla, which represents the start of the US domestic lithium supply chain and a disruption to the current value chain. The Agreement highlights the strategic importance of Piedmont’s unique American spodumene deposit and confirms the trend toward spodumene as the preferred feedstock for the lithium hydroxide required in high-nickel batteries.

“We will now accelerate our mine/concentrator development to support Tesla’s plans, work to further expand our mineral resources, and potentially increase our planned annual spodumene concentrate production capacity. We will simultaneously be advancing our plans to produce lithium hydroxide in North Carolina, using a combination of internally produced spodumene concentrate as well as material sourced from other producers around the world,” Phillips said.

The Tesla deal appears to have been appreciated by the Australian miner’s shares. Following its announcement, Piedmont Lithium’s shares experienced an 83% surge.

Tesla’s battery cell production initiative has captured the attention of the electric vehicle sector. During the company’s Battery Day event, Tesla outlined its cell production program, which involves a ground-up redesign of the batteries that are utilized for the company’s vehicles and energy storage products. The result of Tesla’s efforts was the Roadrunner cell, which adopts a 4680 form factor, allowing it to have 5x the volume of the 2170 cells used in the Model 3 and Model Y.

But for Tesla to attain its battery production goals, it would have to seal the deal with companies like Piedmont Lithium, which could supply the electric car maker with the necessary materials to produce battery cells. Previous reports have indicated that the company is already in the process of securing partners for its battery production push. Apart from Piedmont Lithium, for example, reports have indicated that Tesla is in talks with Canadian mining firm Giga Metals about the development of a low-carbon nickel mine, which will also be built in North America.

SOURCE: TESLARATI
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Tesla is building a lithium hydroxide refinery in Texas for its Cybertruck factory


A recent report from market intelligence publisher Benchmark Mineral Intelligence has revealed that Tesla is poised to build a lithium hydroxide chemical plant in Texas. The lithium hydroxide refinery will reportedly be situated in Texas, and it will be used to feed the upcoming Cybertruck Gigafactory.

The spodumene conversion facility will be built adjacent to Gigafactory Texas, and based on Benchmark Minerals’ report, the facility has a target date of Q4 2022 for its start of operations. This is a notably aggressive timeframe for such a facility, though it is something distinctly Tesla. Ultimately, the lithium hydroxide refinery will add to Tesla’s plans to set up a cathode facility in Texas, which Elon Musk has described as part of the electric car maker’s cell production plan.

The upcoming conversion/refining plant will turn hard rock spodumene ore into lithium hydroxide, which is used directly in battery cells. It should be noted that prior to Tesla’s battery efforts, this process has traditionally been performed in China using spodumene that’s sourced from Australia. In its report, Benchmark Minerals noted that Tesla will be using a hydrometallurgical process to turn its spodumene ore into lithium hydroxide, effectively eliminating the use of sulphuric acid. This process, however, remains untested in the commercial scale.

Tesla Cybertruck Tesla gets closer to volume battery cell production with 5-year lithium supply deal tesla-cybertruck-quad-roadster-semi-1024x798
(Credit: @FutureJurvetson/ Twitter)
Interestingly enough, a recent announcement from Australian mining firm Piedmont Lithium has revealed that Tesla has signed a five-year deal to acquire spodumene from a mine in North Carolina. In its press release, Piedmont noted that its Tesla deal represents about one-third of the expected 160,000 tonnes per annum that’s expected to be produced at its North Carolina mine. This deal will likely supply Tesla with 8,000 tonnes of lithium hydroxide a year, starting between July 2022 and July 2023.

In its report, Benchmark stated that the Piedmont Lithium deal will likely account for just over half of Tesla’s battery needs for Gigafactory Texas in 2023, the first estimated full production year of the electric car maker’s 4680 cells. With this in mind, Tesla would still need to secure more spodumene supply beyond Piedmont Lithium’s capabilities, especially if the company intends to fully ramp its battery cell production capabilities. Benchmark Mineral Intelligence Managing Director Simon Moores, for his part, highlighted the significance of Tesla’s battery production push.

“Lithium’s foundations for the 21st century are beginning to shift in what is a China-dominated part of the lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle supply chain. Tesla is the first automotive OEM to enter lithium production – a watershed moment. And it does so without having to mine lithium from the ground. Not only will it allow Tesla to control costs at this supply chain step, it will once again see the spodumene trade flows point towards the USA instead of China, a market that has dominated spodumene conversion for a generation through majors such as Tianqi and Ganfeng Lithium.

Tesla Cybertruck Tesla gets closer to volume battery cell production with 5-year lithium supply deal Tesla-and-the-spodumene-lithium-to-EV-supply-chai
(Credit: Benchmark Mineral Intelligence)
“It will also significantly bolster its negotiating power on its future lithium hydroxide contracts once it harnesses the ability to produce a consistent battery ready lithium hydroxide and scales capacity. Tesla has clearly come to the realization that it cannot rely on the upstream of the supply chain or investors to expand quickly enough for its needs. It has now taken some of that responsibility away from the miners and chemical producers and once Tesla gets to grips with the lithium refining process, scale will be introduced and we expect that post-2022 ramp to be rapid,” he said.

Benchmark Mineral Intelligence Product Director Andrew Miller added that Tesla’s lithium hydroxide chemical plant in Texas will allow the electric car maker to closely monitor the cost and quality of its batteries’ components. Miller added that Tesla’s efforts to move upstream in the battery supply chain will likely be replicated by other carmakers in the future.

“With Tesla entering the upstream of the lithium-ion battery supply chain at the conversion stage the company does not have to become a lithium miner, a skill-set and company culture that is entirely different to creating chemically refined materials. Controlling the lithium conversion from the raw material – spodumene concentrate – means they can not only reduce the cost but also control the quality of the lithium hydroxide output more closely.

“This is additional evidence that lithium will remain a specialty chemical that is tied to and tailored for the needs of the end-users, rather than a commodity. In addition, Tesla’s efforts to move upstream will likely be replicated by other auto manufacturers, and in other areas of the supply chain. Having control of advanced material costs into the EV supply chain is an increasingly important factor in lowering battery prices,” he said.

Benchmark Mineral Intelligence’s report on Tesla’s lithium hydroxide refinery could be accessed here.

SOURCE: TESLARATI
 
 




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